Connection Between Dyslexia And Schizotypal Traits

 I just wanted to point out how Dyslexia can be misdiagnosed as

Schizotypal Personality and even Schizophrenia.

The following 2 articles are from Pub Med National
Library of Medicine


1. Int J Psychophysiol. 1994 Dec; 18(3):251-63.


Dyslexia, handedness and syndromes of psychosis-proneness

Richardson AJ.

Department of Psychiatry, Charing Cross and Westminister Medication
School,
London, UK


In an earlier study, adult dyslexia was found to be strongly
associated with positive schizotypal traits, and particularly with
unusual perceptual experiences. However, recent evidence suggests that
the structure of psychosis-proneness in normals may involve three or
four distinct yet related dimensions. Therefore a further study was
conducted, using a wider range of measures, to explore associations
between dyslexia and these different syndromes of psychosis-proneness.
Relationships with handedness were also investigated. If three
syndromes of psychosis-proneness were delineated, broadly
corresponding to "Active", "Withdrawn" and "Schneiderian/Unreality"
syndromes of schizophrenia, dyslexics showed elevations on both
positive syndromes (Active and Unreality), but not on the negative,
Withdrawn syndrome. With a four-factor model only one dimension,
perceptual/cognitive anomalies, distinguished dyslexics from controls.
These findings confirm an association between dyslexia and positive,
but not negative, schizotypal traits. Mixed handedness was strongly
associated with dyslexia, and in controls with those measures of
psychosis-proneness involving unusual perceptual experiences. This
suggests that reduced lateralization may be a feature common to both
dyslexia and the Unreality syndrome of schizotypy, which may help to
account for the strong relationships between them.

Publication Types:

Clinical Trial

PMID: 7775222 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Med Hypotheses. 1995 Dec;45(6):605-13.

Possible relevance of phosholipid abnormalities and genetic
interactions in psychiatric disorders: the relationship between
dyslexia and schizophrenia.

Horrobin DF, Glen AI, Hudson CJ

Scotia Research Institute, Kentville, Nova Scotia, Canada

The fatty acids of cell membrane phospholids are essential for normal
membrane structures, for the functioning of membrane-bound and
membrane-associated proteins and for normal cell-signalling responses.
In dyslexia, there is evidence for reduced incorporation of
docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid into cell membranes, while
in schizophrenia, there is evidence for an increased rate of
docosahexaeonic acid and arachidonic acid loss from membranes because
of enhanced phospholipase A2 activity. The presence of both defects
will cause a much greater degree of abnormality than either one alone.
It is hypothesized that unequivocal clinical schizophrenia may occur
when both genes are present in the same individual. The dyslexia gene
alone will produce dyslexia while the schizophrenia gene alone may
produce bipolar or schizoaffective disorders. The proposals could
explain: 1. The reduced asymmetry of the brain, especially of the
planum temporale in both schizophrenia and dyslexia; 2. The
schizotypal personality characteristics of dyslexics; 3. The increased
risks of dyslexia in families with a schizophrenic proband; 4. The
increased risks of bipolar and schizoaffective disorders in families
with a schizophrenic proband; 5. The earlier onest and possibly
increased severity of both disorders in males since females have a
lower requirement for arachidonic acid and docosahexaeonic acid; 6.
The absence of selective pressure against schizophrenia since
reproduction would be impaired only when the schizophrenic gene alone
might even lead to improved reproductive performance.

Publication Types;
Review
Review, Tutorial

PMID: 8771057 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]


https://groups.google.com/g/alt.support.dyslexia/c/0dMPEtQ9Ekc

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